When multiple clients are collaboratively learning and training a shared model, incentives problems can arise. The clients may have different learning objectives and application domains, or they may be competitors whose participation in the learning system could reduce their competitive advantage. While collaborative learning is a powerful…

This qualitative case study examined South Korean elementary teachers' beliefs about the goals of multicultural education in relation to practices and contexts within social studies instruction. The first research question examined the distinguishing features of South Korean elementary teachers' beliefs about the goals of multicultural education.…

The Educational Research and Development Unit (ERDU) of the Graduate School of Industrial Administration at Carnegie-Mellon University was formally established in January 1970 by a 5-year grant from the Ford Foundation. This report describes the research and development activities in which ERDU was engaged from January to December 1972 for the…

The first step in establishing an educational system is to assess the desired outcomes of the task and to state them as observable behaviors. The second step is to determine the optimal learning environment for the achievement of those goals. The final step is to set up a system of evaluating the quality of the instruction and the performance of…

Papers presented at the Third Annual International Institute on the Community College are provided. In these papers, many facets of accountability are discussed: goal-setting, assumptions about learning, instructional modes, educational management practices, student development, instructional resources, and the systems approach. In addition, panel…

Systems in teaching and learning are discussed in depth to aid in relating educational theories to the art of teaching. Chapter 1, on individualization of instruction, discusses research in the learning process. Chapter 2, on systems and the systems approach, reviews the meaning of "system," systems analysis and synthesis, and the use of a systems…

It is posited that primary desired functions of an educational system are relevance, effectiveness, and efficiency, and that the objective of educational system design is state-of-the-art optimization of these functions. Based on this view, gross structures of the educational system and of associated educational architectural models addressing…

Composed of selected articles from recent issues of "Educational Technology" magazine, this volume in the review series covers individualizing instruction. Topic areas discussed in the articles include concepts of individualized instruction, student centered programs, systems for individualizing instruction, validation techniques, individualized…

Individually Guided Education/Multiunit Schools-Secondary (IGE/MUS-S) is a research and development project currently in operation at the University of Wisconsin. As often happens in education, the operational need for the project was so great that it came into existence before it was formally justified in theory. This paper attempts to discuss…

This booklet is a teacher's guide to using the Detroit Objective Referenced Tests (DORT), a systems approach to reading instruction that matches instructional strategies to student needs. The materials are offered in two sections for elementary and middle school implementation. Decoding and comprehension materials are discussed for both…

The project at Beaufort County Technical Institute has culminated in the development of an instructional system that provides each student desiring to enter the Electrical Technology curriculum the opportunity to enroll at any time during the year and to work at a pace determined by his own ability, background and motivation. The systems approach…

This document, one part of a project to train personnel for educational development and evaluation, describes a management system for individualized student instruction. Certain objectives are set from which management activities and provisions for data storage and use are inferred. The result is a comprehensive flowchart of the instructional…

Composed of articles which appeared recently in "Educational Technology" magazine, this volume in the review series considers instructional systems. Topics covered include systems models for instructional design and management, the design of simulation systems, informal and vocational education, individualized instruction, operational learning…