The focus of this article is on Finnish pre-school curricula from the early pioneering years to the start of the new millennium (1972-2000). Pre-school has been part of the Finnish education system for nearly 40 years. It has been undergoing a challenging reconstruction process and changes influenced significantly by the increasing call for…

Describes a South Pacific social studies curriculum development project. Points out that educators must constantly examine the implicit connections between the intentions of schooling and assumptions in its sociocultural context. (JOW)

Science programs funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) are increasingly involved in science education reform. Such entities are funded for science research and are expected to pursue educational activities with K-12 students and teachers. These efforts are often guided by ideas from current science education reform. The NSF Science and…

Suggests the development of school science curricula on the basis of the societal philosophy which is derivable from culture core, or heritage, and present and future society's and individual's needs. (CC)

Most Appalachians are similar to mainstream America--White, Anglo-Saxon, and Protestant. However, the similarity has created an invisibility which has resulted in Appalachians being one of the most neglected of minority groups. Appalachians differ markedly from the mainstream in values and history. (JN)

The author examines the tenets, historical antecedents, and implications of the current art education theory of "planned eclecticism," which encourages relatively free curriculum content choices, subject only to the psychosocial context of the school. He questions the theory's dependence on sociological theories and scientific…

Contends that postmodernism has influenced profoundly the direction of visual art in contemporary society. However, art education has not been affected by these social and philosophical changes. Summarizes components of postmodernism and defines connections between them and the art education field. (CFR)

Problems related to multicultural education programs are cited. A model of ambivalent social exchange is presented that: (1) uses components of cultural pluralism while avoiding separatism; and (2) enhances understanding of culture, as represented by various social groups, so that individuals can choose values which allow personal fulfillment. (PP)

Examines the work of Jurgen Habermas and Arthur Danto and develops a conceptual structure that views art education as an interpretive and reflective network that bridges school and life experiences. Contends that visual arts contribute to the development of reflective capacities. (CFR)

Contends that teaching multicultural courses in social studies often occurs without a complete understanding of the key concept of culture. Asserts that anthropology can provide this understanding because it is interdisciplinary and comparative. Provides four examples of anthropological models to guide multicultural education. (CFR)

Maintains that struggle has been part of Vietnamese history. Asserts that a new social studies curriculum focuses on the context of historical struggle against foreign domination combined with contemporary socialism and communism. Describes the Vietnamese educational system with particular focus on secondary social studies. (CFR)

Recognizing that different groups of students have different reasons for learning a second language, different language needs, and different intellectual capacities and abilities, this guide presents recommended language skills for an eclectic approach to English as a second language instruction. The language and reading scope and sequence for…

Reports on a study of the impact of a transformative curriculum in social studies among 96 11th-grade students in a New York City high school. Illustrates problems teachers face when they assume that students are making the intellectual connections expected of them. (CFR)

Maintains that citizenship education is an important aspect of the philosophy of Nigerian education. Describes the role and growth of citizenship education from the precolonial period to the present. Provides suggestions on how to make citizenship education in Nigeria more effective. (CFR)

Discusses how Cold War ideological models provide a way to examine the U.S. role in world affairs. Discusses and compares on the writings of Paul Gagnon and Noam Chomsky on this topic. Concludes that students should stand outside both models to develop a meaningful perspective on the U.S. role during the Cold War. (CFR)