Why do Black men and women have such different average levels of educational attainment? One explanation may be inequalities in experiences with punishment through in-school suspensions, arrests, and incarcerations. Drawing on intersectional frameworks and theories of social control, I examine the long-term impacts of institutional punishment on…

This study explored the relationship between perceived educational opportunities and the likelihood of first birth among young women. Data came from the first five waves (1979-1983) of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. A cohort of 1,747 females, 14 to 16 years of age at the first interview, who had not experienced a birth prior to the…

Issues related to assessing school-to-work transitions in the United States were discussed in the context of selected findings from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), a longitudinal data set characterizing 9,964 of 12,686 of young people who were 14-22 years old when first interviewed in 1979. The first section of the paper…