The purpose of this Policy Impact Snapshot is to identify the major categories of career and technical education (CTE) currently available within our nation's secondary and postsecondary education systems and describe the existing research on whether these programs are achieving desired outcomes for students. This Policy Impact Snapshot describes…

On June 5, 1989, the Council of Ministers for Employment and Social Affairs of the European Economic Community passed a detailed and comprehensive Resolution on continuing vocational training in Europe. Some of the possible consequences of the resolution are the following: (1) the prospects for the implementation of the Resolution are highly…

This paper reviews the sections of the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) that provide for using competencies gained by youth as evaluation tools. The paper discusses the types of competencies that youths should gain by such programs and how they should be measured, as an alternative to traditional program-based evaluation. The paper is organized…

An education committee task force of the National Association of Manufacturers conducted an indepth study of secondary vocational education and concluded that many of these programs are unable to adequately meet the occupational training needs of students or the manpower requirements of industry. Major weaknesses cited are: (1) too few students…

The evolution of technical education in Argentina has not been so much a process of vocationalization of academic education as a process of secondarization of vocational education. Argentine technical schools are the product of a process of convergence among terminal trade schools, vocational schools, and industrial technological schools that has…

When Zimbabwe was still Rhodesia, the education provided blacks was very different from that provided to whites. As more blacks passed through the school system it became obvious that for many young Zimbabweans the system provided education for unemployment and frustration. In 1966 African secondary schools were divided into F(1) academic and F(2)…

Society must take steps to provide desirable employment for disadvantaged minority youth. Since vocational education is the largest of the public-supported training programs, it must be in the vanguard to ensure development of job and career opportunities for all citizens who want to work, especially racial and ethnic minorities, handicapped…

Research conducted by the General Accounting Office (GAO) indicates that the current system of multiple employment training programs requires major overhaul to reduce costs, streamline the bureaucracy, and improve results. The current system of 163 different federal employment training programs wastes resources and confuses and frustrates clients,…

This report examines the problem of implementing and sustaining vocational education and training (VET) programs in developing countries. It is intended to provide U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) officers with operational guidelines for the development of future projects. In conducting the study, over 50 projects conducted by…

The National Assessment of Vocational Education (NAVE) examined how the federal law was implemented and federal funds were distributed under the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act of 1984. Data were reported on targeting of resources among and within states and on the uses of federal funds, and implications were drawn from the findings. The…

The Illinois Council on Vocational Education (ICOVE) has tried to influence educational policy in recent years. Members of the council met with the chief executive officers of the three educational boards in Illinois to discuss issues and pending policies paramount within the educational arena. ICOVE also met with members of the various education…

At least 154 employment training programs (ETP) providing approximately $25 billion in employment training assistance are currently administered by 14 federal agencies. Individually, these programs are all well-intended. Collectively, however, they have been described as bewildering and frightening to clients and confusing to those who operate…

Vocational education programs conducted by the Cincinnati Public Schools were reviewed to analyze their characteristics and to clarify their mission and goals. The review examined information on demographic and economic trends in the labor market served by the schools and developed information on the purpose, conduct, and outcomes of the…

The National Assessment of Vocational Education (NAVE) evaluated and described the vocational education services delivered to special populations under the Carl D. Perkins Vocational Education Act, the effects of the act in modernizing the vocational education system, the impact of vocational education on academic skills and employment…

The 14 Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA)-funded youth employment programs to which the Academy for Educational Development (AED) has delivered technical assistance for the past 5 years illustrate several important conditions for effective programming and "best practices" in the field of youth employment and training. Four of the JTPA…