This Green Paper is the result of intensive work during 2016 in partnership between the European Training Foundation (ETF) and the Ukrainian Ministry of Education and Science (MoES) with the involvement of other state and non-state VET institutions and stakeholders from five regions of the country: the City of Kyiv, Vinnitsa, Lviv, Rivne and Dnepropetrovsk. The ETF and the Ukrainian MoES launched a project in February 2016 entitled 'Decentralising VET in Ukraine: momentum for action'. This Green Paper is the main outcome of this project. The Green Paper is structured under four main headings that emerged from policy discussions among the ETF and Minister of Education and Science of Ukraine (MoES) in February 2016. The Green Paper lays out the challenges that are likely to arise as part of the decentralisation process. It indicates policy options for dealing with them and provides arguments suggesting which may be the best option to take. Finally it presents a roadmap outlining the main tasks that lie ahead requiring leadership at state, region or school level to achieve a successful transition to an effective, high-quality, attractive and relevant decentralised VET system in Ukraine. [This report was produced in partnership with the Ministry of Education and Science (MoES) of Ukraine.]