Fundamental changes in Eastern Europe are changing adult education. The East German folk high schools are striving to revive their democratic tradition. Educators in the USSR are applying "perestroika" to adult education principles. (SK)

The author analyzes three basic periods in the development of the level of education of the population of Russia over the span of a hundred years. The first period runs from 1897, when a nationwide census was carried out for the first time, to 1917. The second period, the Soviet era, runs from 1917 to the late 1980s. The third period started with…

Presents translations of six Russian language articles which highlight the relationship between Marxist philosophy and contemporary educational practice in the USSR. (JDH)

Highlights the principle elements of the Soviet educational system as seen by key adult education figure, Alexandre Pavlovich Vladislavlev: non-stop education, work-linked adult education, partnerships between basic and supplementary educational systems, program flexibility, teacher evaluation, and professional training. (DMM)

In the period 1917 to 1934, from being a country where almost ninety percent of the population consisted of illiterate peasants, the Soviet Union was transformed into an emerging industrialized society, where almost ninety percent had achieved literacy. The massive campaign which achieved this is described in this article. (Author/CB)

Education in Eastern Europe's socialist countries is closely related to national development, emphasizes this report on the structure and goals of education in seven nations and two Soviet federated states. The author discusses the relationship of educational development to technical and organizational progress, changes in socioeconomic and…

Discussed are early childhood development and education, and the health, physical education, and moral education of preschoolers in Russia. (RM)

The role of Russian teacher unions during the years of the Revolution and civil war in organizing initial opposition to the new Soviet order and in defeating that opposition is discussed. A historical rationale for the fundamental principles that underlie Soviet educational policies today is presented. (RM)

This article is intended primarily as an exposition of the essentials of current theory and approved practice, together with some indication of major problems and shortcomings as perceived by the Russians themselves. (Author)

The complete issue is devoted to educational administration in the U.S.S.R. Topics include the Communist Party and the development of public education, Leninist principles of educational administration, ministry of education, legislation, and educational research. (KC)

An exchange program was established to assist American and Soviet special educators in learning about the other country's educational theory and practice. An American participant describes Soviet education of deaf students as being highly structured, involving nationally standardized curricula and methods, using a residential school model, and…

Reports that the absence of a normative training document is a central principle of the former USSR's Tallinn School of Management. Identifies five common blocks of instructional improvisation: writing a business letter; communication; taking and maintaining control; production and operation management; and product distribution. Describes some of…

Examines the relationship of Anton Makarenko's educational theories to Russian history, tradition, and culture. Analyzes the influence of Russian and foreign prerevolutionary thinking on Makarenko's major theories. Discusses his major educational concepts (i.e., discipline, education through work, collectives, and the teacher's role) and views of…

Compared goals and values of early childhood educators in six Moscow child care centers to those held before the collapse of the Soviet Union. Determined current goals and values from interviews, observations, and recent Russian pedagogical books. Found that changes include more emphasis on individualistic goals, more attention to fostering…

Provides an overview based on personal experiences, recollections, viewpoints and anecdotal records. Discusses the general philosophy of education in the Soviet Union, the selection of students, graduate study and the chemistry curriculum. Compares and contrasts the educational systems of the Soviet Union and the United States. (CW)