Significant research in science and mathematics education should advance the field's knowledge and understanding of the teaching and learning of science and mathematics. How, then, should the significance of a research question in science and mathematics education be assessed? And, when disseminating the findings of research, how should the…

A critical problem with the examination of learning in education is that there is an underlying assumption that the dynamic systems associated with student information processing can be measured using static linear assessments. This static linear approach does not provide sufficient ability to characterize learning. Much of the modern research…