For researchers seeking to improve education, a common goal is to identify teaching practices that have causal benefits in classroom settings. To test whether an instructional practice exerts a causal influence on an outcome measure, the most straightforward and compelling method is to conduct an experiment. While experimentation is common in…

As digital technologies continue transforming the time and space boundaries that traditionally had been ascribed to different educational settings, the very notion of learning "context" also is being challenged in educational research literature. In this article, we contribute to this debate by offering an empirically grounded discussion…

This study reviews empirical research articles published in the field of technology-enhanced learning in the out-of-class contexts in primary schools between the years 2007 and 2016 and explores how the body of research has connected formal and informal learning experiences, referred to in the paper as bridging the gap. The review focuses on 43…

The concept of orchestration has recently emerged as a useful metaphor in technology-enhanced learning research communities, because of its explanatory power and appeal in describing how different learning activities, tools, and arrangements could be combined to promote learning. More than a buffet of tools offering possibilities to the teachers,…

Recent years have seen a dynamic growth of research communities addressing conditions, processes and outcomes of learning in formal and informal environments. Two of them have markedly advanced the field: The community on research on learning and instruction that has been organized in the European Association for Research on Learning and…

In this article, we argue for a change in how researchers study motivation to learn. We believe that research can provide better explanations of the origins and outcomes of behavior, and thus be more useful, if we focus on how motivation develops and why it changes. We suggest reframing motivation research in education by extending the current…

Reports two approaches to learning, including (1) a 3-hour discussion meeting once a week and (2) provision for a variety of learning activities to be pursued individually, with the latter approach preferred by students. (Editor/SB)

This research project developed a teaching model using museums for educational purposes. The research involved educational programs for children 9 to 11 years of age at the David M. Stewart Museum, near Montreal, Quebec, which specializes in the colonial history of Canada and Quebec. The study focused on the nature of museum visits, learning…

The authors present a discussion about activities that learners perform when confronted with instructional stimuli. These activities are classified as mathemagenic activities. A review of the literature is presented to show various attempts made to optimize learning from various instructional systems. Three groups of hypothetical mathemagenic…

A study investigated the effects of intensive practice of outlines for 500 frequently occurring words on achievement in first-year Gregg shorthand classes. Achievement in recording high frequency outlines and in transcribing was elevated for both lower level and higher level grade-point-average scorers in the experimental group. (LRA)

Article investigated attempts to compare the effectiveness for learning of note-taking and other procedures and, as well, considered studies that have measured the precise outcomes of the activities involved in note-taking, and in subsequently making use of the notes. (Author/RK)

This study was undertaken to determine students' views of their experiences in studying the basic sciences in first year medical school. Emphasis was placed on the processes of learning employed. An instrument was developed consisting of verbs or phrases describing various behaviors performed by a scientist when doing science. Such activities…

Based on the work of Bruner, Piaget and others that indicates that the child's attention to misleading visual clues is an important factor in his lack of ability to conserve, this study is an attempt to demonstrate the effects of instruction in drawing two-dimensional figures on the ability of children (22 kindergarten children from middle class…

This study examined the effects of overt illustration on first graders' learning from oral prose. In all experiments, children heard prose selections, after (or during) which they illustrated selection content with plasticized figure cutouts and background scenes. Control subjects copied or colored geometric forms during the illustration period.…

Proposes a framework for thinking about how metacognition research might apply to design activities. Examines two basic approaches to supporting metacognition: strategy training, and creation of a supportive social environment for metacognition. Identifies two kinds of content that are taught using these two approaches: knowledge about a specific…