One of the key findings from decades of educational effectiveness research is the importance of the classroom level as a predictor of pupil outcomes. In this review, we therefore look at synthesising our best evidence from research on effective teaching, and its corollary, teacher development. In the 1st section, we will look at key findings from…

Procedures used to select classes for an intensive study of change processes in teacher and student classroom behavior resulting in increases in academic learning time are discussed. Included in the text are sections on the philosophy of the intervention, the procedures and methodology to be used, the history of selection, the instructional model,…

Research on teaching has begun to yield important distinctions between the teaching performances of more effective and less effective teachers. More effective teachers are shown to use a wide variety of teaching behaviors at appropriate times. Teaching behaviors comprising Direct Instruction are most effective for keeping students on task. (JN)

Discusses the problems and inconsistencies of teacher behavior research and the progress made in relating teacher behavior to classroom outcomes. (WD)

Discusses the seven fundamentals of effective instruction: (1) time use, (2) diagnosis, (3) direct instruction, (4) transfer of skills, (5) flexible grouping, (6) positive mind set, and (7) classroom management. (FL)

Investigated whether teachers involved in a classroom management inservice program would demonstrate more of the recommended teaching behaviors than teachers not so trained, and whether students in the classes of those teachers would spend more time engaged in appropriate learning activities than those in other classes. (FL)

Recent teacher effectiveness research reveals that teachers of basic skills are more likely to use monitoring and reactive-corrective behaviors. The concept of teaching as assisting consists of a teacher's ability to: (1) create an environment conducive to learning for all children; (2) understand that the instructional responsibility lies with…

This report provides descriptive statistical information from Phase III-B of the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study. Within the sample of second and fifth grade teachers in classrooms in public schools in California, approximately six students were identified as target students to be studied during the school year. These students were observed…

This executive summary of the multiyear Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study (BTES) focuses principally on the findings of Phase III-B of this research program on teaching effectiveness. One outcome of the BTES study was a concept that makes it possible to measure individual student learning by noting observable variables of student behavior in the…

Successful implementation of Public Law 94-142 demands that teachers have the skills necessary to plan an objective-based, individualized program. Research supports the use of individualized instruction in mainstreamed physical education classes. The concept of learning time gives teachers a way to evaluate their own teaching and their teaching…

Current literature on time-related research in sport pedagogy is discussed in four general areas: conceptualization of time, measurement of time, how time is spent in physical education and sport settings, and unknown elements of time-related events. A six-item agenda for further research on time in sport pedagogy is suggested. (IAH)

This report summarizes and evaluates existing studies of time use in schools. The first section describes theoretical views of time and learning. Two issues are discussed: the sources of variation in learning time (actual days per school year, length of school day, absenteeism), and the effects of learning time on achievement. In the second…

Data are reported for the classroom observational portion of a cross-sectional study conducted in Tasmania, Australia to examine the acquisition and development of addition and subtraction skills in young children. During the study, a group of students in grades l, 2, and 3 who differed in cognitive processing skills were observed during…

This paper consists of an examination of current thinking on the factors influencing teacher training effectiveness and of a report of preliminary findings from a study of inservice teacher education. Previous research identifies five major components of training common to most inservice programs as presentation of theory, demonstration or…

This paper reviews educational theory and research on student learning gains (especially in basic skills in elementary grades) and on motivating students to value and engage willingly in academic tasks. Research on the link between teacher behavior and student learning and attitudes is addressed in the first section, followed by a section…