IN 1960 AT TORONTO, CANADA, A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF ACHIEVEMENT WAS BEGUN IN JUNIOR KINDERGARTEN WITH 8,695 CHILDREN. THE OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY WERE (1) TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF JUNIOR KINDERGARTEN ATTENDANCE ON THE ACHIEVEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN, AND (2) TO EXAMINE THE NATURE OF THE WORLD OF JUNIOR AND SENIOR KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN.…

Ten algorithms for measuring school effectiveness were identified through literature analysis and interviews of the directors of 39 school improvement projects. The algorithms are described thus: (1) a major proportion of students achieve at or above average national levels; (2) an equal percentage of highest and lowest social classes achieve…