Innovation in medical education is needed in curriculum, teaching methods and testing programs, as well as involvement of administrators and faculty. (IR)

A developmental model for collaborative learning at the college level, based on the notion of the development of expertise, is outlined. Five stages are described: (1) the learning of rules, techniques, and strategies; (2) applying the techniques and strategies to the particular teaching context; (3) developing competence; (4) becoming proficient;…

This manual identifies characteristics of instructional tools that are effective and efficient in promoting cognitive access for a broad diversity of students, especially those with learning disabilities. An introductory chapter defines "instructional tools" and considers the importance of their design, their use in addressing student…

In a collaborative learning situation, the college teacher must learn to use knowledge and authority differently, using new forms of classroom control to promote internal leadership and drawing on discipline knowledge primarily to guide group inquiry. (MSE)