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Peer reviewedGilbert, J. E.; Blyth, W. A. L. – Journal of Education for Teaching, 1983
This article provides a historical sketch of the role played by postgraduate certificate of education programs in the training of elementary and middle school teachers in England and Wales. Originating in the 1890s, the postgraduate certification programs were expanded in the 1950s and 1960s to meet an acute teacher shortage. (Author/PP)
Descriptors: College Role, Educational History, Educational Policy, Educational Supply
Robinson, Chris – 2000
Australia's national vocational education and training (VET) system and nationally funded technical and further education colleges were established in the 1970s. In the 1980s, traineeships complementing traditional apprenticeships and competency-based training were instituted. An industry-led training system was established in the 1990s. Total VET…
Descriptors: Access to Education, Accountability, Accreditation (Institutions), Adjustment (to Environment)
