The objectives of the Working Party at the 2nd International Conference on Higher Education were to discuss and evaluate the various organizational structures used to cope with the explosion in student enrollment in mass higher education. (PG)

A discussion of portfolio analysis in college planning, a technique of determining the attractiveness and competitiveness of given academic courses, looks at the correctness of the technique and its application in the strategic planning process. Data from a British university illustrate the procedure. (MSE)

Factors affecting the development and implementation of education policy for special education in England and Wales is examined in the context of the 1981 Education Act. Factors considered include staff evaluation, the competing definitions of need and good practice, professional and administrative accountability, user rights, politicization, and…

Some of the errors in educational planning that arise from manpower forecasts are examined using the Australian doctors manpower plan, 1975-91 as an illustration. The large variation in results that can occur through the substitution of alternatively feasible coefficients is shown. (Editor/LBH)

The author applies the principles of social cost-benefit analysis to the recurrent education model and contrasts it with the conventional "apprenticeship" or "front-end" model of provision. Consideration is given to the implications of redistributing education and training over the lifespan of the individual, and of utilizing…

In an examination of the need for expansion in Nigeria's higher education, past trends are examined in the context of current efforts to keep up with the high demand. Finance is found to be the ultimate and critical determinant of the growth of the university system. (MSE)

The conventional economic arguments favoring greater public support of higher education in Britain are compared with the "new right" economists' arguments for redirecting resources and changing the nature of higher education. It is suggested that resource reallocation is difficult because of institutional bureaucracy, and uniform…

The case of the University of Dar es Salaam illustrates how the concept of community education has been adapted to meet the needs of a university in a developing society. Community-orientation in terms of teaching, research, and other activities is described, and problems of access, admission, control, and participation are considered. (Author/LBH)

It is proposed that, although Finland has tightened the national role in the governance of higher education institutions in recent decades, a shift toward competition has meant a shift toward control by market forces. The effect of this policy on the roles and stratification of institutions is examined. (Author/MSE)

The validity of proposed solutions to British higher education problems that would substitute competition and market mechanisms for the existing system of free education are discussed in the context of recent European experiences, the postsecondary education population, the education-employment equilibrium, and socioeconomic patterns. (MSE)

Institutions wishing to increase the perceived value of their degrees or awards do so by increasing demand for those degrees, by stimulating applications for admission (the certifying effect) and even reducing graduates. Receipt of one of these degrees increases chances of success and affluence (the consumer effect). (MSE)

The way in which the University of Botswana went about building the consensus necessary to develop a new administrative and management structure is described. The process began with a commission review to address increasing demand, and progressed to recommendations, governing council response, a task force for reorganization, and implementation.…

University policies proposed by Argentina's constitutional government since 1983 are examined, focusing on controversy over the current administration's proposed shift toward cost recovery. Implications for relationships between schools, state, and the market are discussed. Other policy issues such as accreditation and research support are…

Some studies of individual demand for higher education undertaken during the 1970s are reviewed. Although lifetime earnings are positively related to educational qualifications, rates of return to education do not seem to matter for either public or private educational decisions. (Author/MLW)

It is suggested that the weakened demand for Master's in Business Administration (MBA) programs represents an overdue adjustment in expectations. Pressure to reduce student experience requirements and fees is anticipated. A brief history of the degree in the United States and the United Kingdom is provided. (Author/MSE)