Background/purpose: This study addresses the limited integration of digital learning applications in science education assessment in Jordan, where technological adoption in schools faces infrastructural and skill-related challenges. The main purpose was to investigate the extent to which science teachers in Mafraq Directorate of Education use…

Online learning has enhanced accessibility in education, but also poses significant challenges in maintaining academic integrity during online exams, particularly when students are prohibited from accessing unauthorized resources through the Internet. Nonetheless, students must remain connected to the Internet in order to take the online exam.…