Virtual Reality has the potential to transform educational experiences. This evolution, from the earliest days of projecting and viewing stereoscopic static images to the immersive headset experiences possible today, allows VR to transport students to new locations, enable them to participate in virtual spaces and simulations, and design 3-D…

Despite a large number of augmented reality (AR) picture books available on the market, their quality varies. The aim of this study is to analyse AR picture books' features, benefits and drawbacks through a review of academic literature and award-winning commercial works on the subject and to provide insight into future trends. Our approach has…

Digital simulations are powerful instructional tools for physics education. They are often designed to visualize canonical physical phenomena, with adjustable parameters for influencing the system. While this is sufficient for developing conceptual and qualitative intuitions, it does little to help physics students build connections between…

This design-based research project explored how various design features of AR-based learning environments (ARLE) influence students' mathematics self-efficacy and learning of kinematics. Specifically, five ARLEs with different design features were developed and implemented with 136 seventh-grade students in two rounds. Data were gathered from pre-…

Virtual tools are rapidly supplementing physical tools in classrooms. Although extensive research has compared the benefits of using virtual and physical manipulatives, few studies have systematically explored the learning benefits of using a physical and a virtual tool. As the major learning goal in science, technology, engineering, and…

Mixed reality (XR) environments combining real-to-virtual immersive experiences provide unprecedented potential for reframing educational pedagogy and practice. XR environments provide scaffolded learning points accommodating individual needs, while enhancing sensorial and embodied experiences. XR environments can facilitate self-determined…

The emergence of newer educational technologies provides opportunities for computer-assisted language learning practitioners and software developers to capitalize on the affordances for the second language (L2) learning purposes. This article explored and brought together the reported affordances and challenges of virtual reality to teach the L2…

Immersive virtual reality (IVR) offers significant transformative potential for science education by supporting learning experiences that deeply engage students and improve their understanding of scientific concepts. Despite considerable interest, research on the use of IVR in science education is still in its formative stage. Currently, there is…

Rich research evidence supporting the strong, positive connections between spatial ability and mathematical ability has been well documented. Spatial tools, such as computer-aided-design (CAD) software, have been increasingly utilized and researched for promoting mathematics learning in K--12 (kindergarten to 12th grade). Tinkercad, a free online…

It has previously been argued that Augmented Reality (AR) has the potential to provide relevant digital information to support pupils learning in real-time through engaging formats. However, the use of AR in the classroom remains uncommon for mainstream adoption. This study uses a service design methodology to focus on a more holistic approach…

Immersive 360 videos are increasingly being used in pre-service teachers (PST) education. There is preliminary evidence that this technology may benefit future educators' focus and attention to classroom settings and events. However, more analytical efforts are needed to better understand its potential impact on reported focus of attention (RFA)…

Immersive virtual reality (iVR), an emerging technology, is starting to lead and shape the future of education. Yet, due to technical, financial, or pedagogical reasons, this novel technology has been seldom applied directly in classroom teaching by language learners and teachers. The present study attempts to contribute a qualitative…

Teacher Moments is an open source resource for teacher educators to create and use practice-based simulations in teacher education. Teacher Moments may be used to create digital clinical simulations (DCS) which are defined as opportunities for improvisational interaction with scripted character(s). During the COVID-19 crisis, we implemented an…

The purpose of this paper is to present a review of Augmented Reality (AR) technology as an educational tool for foreign language education. Following a short yet comprehensive literature review, the paper reviews educational AR technology in terms of learning theories, learning pedagogies, teachers, students, culture, infrastructure, and…

As technologies continue to develop and evolve, it is imperative that instructional technologists, learning scientists, and educators involved with examining learning affordances of emerging technologies investigate the potential of innovative environments to promote and facilitate learning. This paper, as such, will describe a newly developed…