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Cheon, Jongpil; Crooks, Steven; Inan, Fethi; Flores, Raymond; Ari, Fatih – Journal of Educational Multimedia and Hypermedia, 2011
This study explored the causes of the reverse modality effect when learning from multimedia instruction. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups (visual text or spoken text). The findings revealed a reverse modality effect wherein that those studying visual text outperformed those studying spoken text on three assessments. Further…
Descriptors: Multimedia Instruction, Educational Technology, Visual Stimuli, Auditory Stimuli
Angert, Jay F. – 1980
This paper reviews research on pictorial stimulus complexity in instructional materials, examining still iconic visuals in particular. Five phases are proposed to assist in the integration of this research for generating useful hypotheses: (1) establishment of methodological and conceptual criteria; (2) collection of relevant literature; (3)…
Descriptors: Difficulty Level, Educational Technology, Literature Reviews, Media Research