Concepts related to molecular structure are often challenging for students to visualize and comprehend. Augmented reality has emerged as a promising solution to this problem, providing students with opportunities to manipulate and visualize chemical molecular structures to improve their understanding. Furthermore, collaborative learning…

Virtual learning environments have been recognized as an area of particular importance by which educators can use to improve desirable learning behaviours. Investigating the impact of different virtual environments on learners' behaviours has become the centre of attention of researchers, especially during COVID-19. The homophily effect of…

Educational technology (EdTech) possesses comprehensive content and an accumulation of topics requiring extensive analyses for monitoring its development over time. Conducting comprehensive analyses facilitates acquiring a plural perspective instead of subjective experiences and facilitates focusing on the places where deficiencies occur in the…

In this paper, we address the issue of the design and deployment of VR-oriented pedagogical scenarios by teachers as designers. To provide practical and theoretical solutions, we analyse the various existing models and tools for assisting teachers in the design and deployment of virtual reality learning environments (VRLEs). We identify a need for…

In an increasingly globalized world, developing intercultural competence in higher education is highly valued. While there has been a shift towards remote intercultural learning methods, these approaches often lack authentic and immersive experiences. To address this gap, the present study uses spherical video-based virtual reality (SVVR) to…

Virtual reality learning environment (VRLE), which allow students to transcend time and space and provide them with a sense of immersion, is becoming more common in education. Although many studies have explored the effects of VRLE on learners' learning outcomes as well as learning experiences, the results of these studies indicate that the…

Virtual Reality (VR) and Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) are technologies that allow users to interact with virtual environments and can create and participate in digital educational experiences and simulations. Due to the VR and VLEs being relatively new technologies in education, acceptance, use, and finally adoption in a classroom…

Clinical immersion programs have been widely used in higher education, particularly in biomedical engineering (BME) programs, to allow students to identify and evaluate the unmet clinical needs. However, due to limited space and extensive safety protocols required to enter hospitals, access for undergraduate students to shadow physicians is…

Purpose: The paper aims to propose a virtual reality (VR) wisdom teaching model in open university English course from the perspective of "Metaverse". The study aims to testify the stimulation for English learning and the effectiveness of English-expressing with VR tools for adult learners from the practice in a pilot reform project.…

This study explores the potential benefits of integrating Industry 4.0 technologies into educational settings, focusing on Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning, Augmented Reality, Big Data, Blockchain, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things, Metaverse, Robotics, and Virtual Reality. The aim is to develop learning environments that are more…

Interacting with objects in virtual reality can be an exciting experience. Haptic feedback allows virtual environments to appear more immersive. Does this increased immersion bear the potential to enhance learning if used properly in educational VR environments? This dissertation pursued two goals. First, to investigate the relationship between…

The use of Virtual Reality (VR) as an educational tool is gaining attention due to its potential to provide immersive and authentic learning experiences. However, most schools cannot afford to provide individual access to VR, making VR-mediated group learning a promising solution for those with limited access to educational resources. Despite its…

Background: Scholars have confirmed the vital roles of self-regulated learning (SRL) behaviours in predicting task performance, especially within non-linear technology-rich learning environments (TREs). However, few studies focused on the learning costs (e.g., study effort and time-on-task) related to SRL and the efficiency outcome of SRL (i.e.,…

This study developed a wearable mixed reality (MR)-based mobile learning system and applied it to museum learning activities to explore whether the proposed system can effectively improve university students' learning outcomes, situational interest, and cognitive load. Four museums were selected as the informal learning sites, and 64 university…

At the molecular level, chemical processes involve the rearrangement of atoms in space and time. Students often struggle with visualizing the 3D spatial characteristics of molecules and transition states, as well as recognizing the dynamic nature of chemistry. Both visual spatial skills and representational competence should be explicitly trained…