Essay on the meaning of the term "educational technology. Points out that the term refers not only to hardware, but to a systems approach to learning. (LS)

Reviews the state of the art of educational technology in Australia, concluding that "considerable use is being made of instrumentation in the teaching and learning process, but that the hardware "has not been matched by an adequate technology of instruction. (Author/LS)

PROGRAMED INSTRUCTION IS SEEN AS A COMPLETE SYSTEM OF TEACHING ORGANIZED AND DESIGNED TO MEET THE SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE OF EFFICIENT INDIVIDUAL LEARNING. ITS METHODS PROVIDE THE MEANS FOR RESOLVING THE BROAD SCOPE OF INSTRUCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS WHICH INCLUDE THE NEED FOR BOTH INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP INSTRUCTION. THE SYSTEMS APPROACH CONCEPT, ORIGINALLY…

A TEACHER SHORTAGE, LARGE CLASSES, AND NEED FOR QUALITY INSTRUCTION FORCED EDUCATION INTO MASS INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY. INSTRUCTIONAL TECHNOLOGY IS GOVERNED BY SUCH SYSTEMS AS TELEVISION AND FILMS WHICH CAN REACH MORE STUDENTS WITH FEWER TEACHERS. THERE IS A TREND TOWARD INDIVIDUAL INSTRUCTION UTILIZING TEACHING MACHINES. IF A COMBINATION OF…

A project is proposed here which would apply a systems approach to the mathematical education of sixth-formers who are specializing in the arts or in social or life sciences. The project would develop over four years a kit of coordinated material combining four different approaches: empirical, audiovisual, discovery, and vocational. The project…

The systems approach involves defining the system, analyzing the context setting criteria, designing and choosing alternatives using prediction models. The approach can be applied to training (a conceptual model is presented) but further research is needed to develop predictive models. Instructional technology is becoming a reality in the forms of…

Describes a systems approach to reading instruction, employing programed materials and behavioristic concepts. (RB)

An elementary account of the instructional systems approach and new forms of education technology, and the use of each in federal government programs, is set down. The educational technology described includes programed instruction, teaching machines, computer-assisted instruction, educational television, and simulation. The emphasis is on the use…

Author looks at programed learning and analyzes why he believes it has not been as sucessful an educational tool as many educators predicted. (HB)

This review of applications of educational technology in U.S. military training programs from 1960 to 1980 shows how the use of various audiovisual aids led, in turn, to programed instruction, the systems approach to instructional development, and the development of the Instructional Systems Design (ISD) Model. More than 30 references are listed.…

A practical approach to the use of the new instructional media in business education subjects is presented in this yearbook. With the awareness of urgent problems and the expanded program for business education comes an appreciation for the instructional media, both old and new, that can be applied in everyday teaching. The new media are powerful…

Discusses trends toward the systems approach in education including the development of effective instructional systems in government and industry; the introduction of teaching machines, programed learning, and computer- assisted instruction; and the increase in both the amount and sophistication of educational research and development. (JF)

In the context that a general systems approach to the development and maintenance of optimal learning conditions is a point of view rather than a doctrine, two empirical examples are given. To illustrate the desirability of the systems-like approach in studying the nature of learning, the organisms chosen were representative of two widely separate…

Articles purpose is to clarify the present situation with regard to learning system terminology and classification by suggesting an alternate framework which does not rely to any large extent on rigorous definitions. (Author)