In the age of rapid technological advancements, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and large language models (LLMs) in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education has emerged as a transformative force, reshaping pedagogical approaches and assessment methodologies. "Uses of AI in STEM…

This paper describes an initial pilot study of Rimac, a natural-language tutoring system for physics. Rimac uses a student model to guide decisions about "what content to discuss next" during reflective dialogues that are initiated after students solve quantitative physics problems, and "how much support to provide" during…

Pedagogical strategies are policies for a tutor to decide the next action when there are multiple actions available. When the content is controlled to be the same across experimental conditions, there has been little evidence that tutorial decisions have an impact on students' learning. In this paper, we applied Reinforcement Learning (RL) to…