A central component of online learning, asynchronous discussions have the potential to positively impact distance learners in myriad ways. For discussion to be most impactful, best practices associated with online discussion should be implemented, yet discernment regarding such practices too often remains elusive or unimplemented. To address this…

In the words of the philosopher and mathematician Rene Descartes, "Cogito, ergo sum," (I think; therefore, I am). Descartes concluded that although many aspects of reality are illusions; what is certain is that one's thoughts indicate one's existence. Understanding the mechanics of reality is fundamental to scientists and philosophers,…

There are differences in the benefits that are afforded by the two extremes of face-to-face and distance education. University campus courses are based on the assumption that the student community and interaction between learners and an expert teacher in the same physical location is essential to the learning process. In comparison, distance…

In response to the increasing implementations of online problem-based learning (PBL), this paper presents a new framework, 4S PBL, with a wide range of strategies and technologies to empower instructors and learners. Based on a critical synthesis of research on and practice of PBL, self-regulated learning (SRL), socially shared regulated learning…