The purposes of research were to comparison of digital technology used for the instructional management during the COVID-19 pandemic during the New Normal period and the endemic COVID-19 during Next Normal period adopted by pre-service teachers; and to develop the landscape of digital technology used for instructional management during the New…

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced higher education institutions worldwide to rapidly transition to online learning, exposing vulnerabilities and highlighting the critical need for robust ICT infrastructure. This study investigates the readiness of network universities in upper northeastern Thailand to provide education using ICT during the COVID-19…

Question bank provides an opportunity to improve the evaluation, learning and answering skills among the students, questioning logics among the teachers, and examination patterns among curriculum designers. The question bank is not a learning material but supports as self-evaluation guide. In India, almost 259 State universities administer…