This article identifies possible causes of handwriting difficulties and suggests activities to facilitate the development of hand muscles and handwriting skills. It discusses handwriting readiness, wrist stability, hand development activities, pencil grasp, hand dominance, eye-hand coordination, basic strokes, general readiness skills, writing…

Multiple group structural equation modeling was used to analyze structural relationships between latent factors underlying writing-related developmental skills and component writing skills in grades 1 through 6 for 600 students (50 boys and 50 girls at each grade level). Results for handwriting, spelling, and compositional quality are discussed…

The two chapters of this monograph deal with the issue of the existence of a perceptual grammar that influences reading proficiency, particularly initial reading proficiency. The first chapter indicates the importance of studying reading and writing in terms of readers' and writers' knowledge of visuo-spatial processing rules. It discusses…