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Peer reviewedNowicki, Stephen, Jr. – Journal of Research in Personality, 1982
Tested the hypothesis that internals will achieve more than externals in situations where competition is preeminent but not where cooperation is requried. Children (N=300) were divided into internals and externals, placed in situations varying in competition and cooperation, and readministered digit-symbol task. The general hypothesis was…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Behavior Patterns, Children, Competition
Download full textArmstrong, Milree H.; Trueblood, Cecil – 1985
The purposes of this study were to examine the importance that elementary principals place upon the terminal value freedom in relation to the development of teachers, and to examine the consistency of elementary principals' decision making along a teacher-supportive to supervisor-supportive continuum. One hundred elementary principals in Ontario…
Descriptors: Administrator Attitudes, Attitude Measures, Cooperation, Decision Making
