This position paper is an extension of a presentation delivered to the National Council of Supervisors of Mathematics and the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics at their annual meetings in San Diego, 1978. Four limits in test design are discussed: focus on low-level skills, general adherence to randomness, filling in blanks, and right…

Activities suitable for use with primary school students are described. The author offers advice concerning expectations of the students, use of the vocabulary of probability, integration of activities with other classroom work, and related topics. (SD)

When primary children were interviewed to determine their perceptions of embedded triangles, they failed to observe overlapping triangles. Possible explanations for this and other response patterns are discussed, and implications for schooling are explored. (SD)

A learning activity relating modular arithmetic to patterns of figures determined by points equally spaced around a circle is described. (SD)

A model for multiplication is described and used to discuss the properties of division. (SD)

As a participant in an international student exchange program, the author visited elementary schools in Hungary. Her observations of the approach to mathematics instruction in several schools are provided. (SD)

The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference intention was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There had been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a…