Thirty-two children each in grades 1-5 participated in an experiment designed to replicate and extend a study by Flavell and associates (1972) which hypothesized that "memorizing and perceiving are functionally undifferentiated for the young child, with deliberate memorization only gradually emerging as a separate and distinctive form of cognitive…

This study identified a set of six theoretical styles of learning which have as their base the individual's preferential sensory input mode. Styles involved in the study were based upon the visual, aural, haptic, interactive, print, and kinesthetic modalities. A multi-modal paired associates learning test (MMPALT) was used to determine the…

The inconclusive results of research comparing beginning reading methodologies in the 1960s led many schools to change their approaches to beginning reading instruction. In the 1970s the focus has shifted from the belief in a single method as superior for all children to the attempt to match methodology to the needs of individual children. A…