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Van Houten, Ron; Rolider, Ahmos – Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 1989
Four experiments evaluated flash card use for teaching number facts to elementary-school students with learning difficulties. Effective treatments involved: re-presenting a missed problem after the next item; using error-contingent reprimands; seating the tutor and student knee-to-knee, rather than with a desk between them; and a combination of…
Descriptors: Classroom Environment, Drills (Practice), Elementary Education, Instructional Effectiveness

Nelson, Laurie – Reading Psychology, 1989
Describes the nature of the developmental spelling continuum. Considers the common instructional concerns of word selection, yearly and weekly routines, and organizing to meet the needs of poor spellers against the developmental backdrop. (MG)
Descriptors: Developmental Stages, Educational Research, Elementary Education, Instructional Effectiveness