Suggests that pictures offer equality of access to texts for all children, and provide an effective medium for promoting discussion and reflection. Finds that children are able to develop skills of metacognition through talking about a pictorial text--children as young as six are able to demonstrate their understandings of the reading process. (RS)

Argues that metacognition gives a framework for understanding earlier studies on the relationship between reading rate and text characteristics and points toward an explanation for reading flexibility. (FL)

Determines whether mental imagery could be used as a metacognitive reading comprehension strategy by deaf elementary-level children. Finds that when encouraged to engage in mental imagery, students exhibited four qualities of thinking (recollection, representation, inference, and evaluation) during and after reading that revealed how they were…

Examines and supports the notion that many of the problems evidenced by poor readers are related to their passive response to the interactive task of reading. (MM)

Study of metacognition in reading examined the psychometric properties of the Index of Reading Awareness. To determine reliability and validity data, researchers administered it to elementary students along with the Woodcock Reading Mastery Test-Revised. They concluded that it should be used cautiously to measure metacognition in reading. (SM)

Provides an overview of the reading comprehension process from an interactionist perspective. Reviews key components of effective comprehension instruction, including metacognitive instruction. Gives examples of instructional interventions that have been implemented successfully with students experiencing reading difficulties. (RS)

Despite a significant increase in test usage, numerous issues surrounding reading assessment remain unresolved. Construct validity--whether the test actually measures aspects of the behavior under consideration--is of particular importance if one is to rely on test scores to direct instruction, predict performance, or determine accountability. A…

Reports a study indicating that students who received instructions to induce mental imagery identified both explicit and implicit inconsistencies in text significantly more often than did those in a control group, supporting the use of mental imagery as a comprehension-monitoring strategy. (HTH)

The developing relation between children's knowledge about the goals and processes of reading, their skills to apply metacognitive strategies, and reading comprehension was examined. Participants were children in third-, fifth-, and eighth-grades in two primary schools in Rijeka, Croatia. All students were Croatian-speaking. A questionnaire of…

Three experiments were conducted to determine whether an instructional set for visual imagery would facilitate reading comprehension of elementary school children. In the first experiment, 38 fifth graders randomly assigned to experimental and control groups were given the Durrell-Sullivan Reading Capacity and Achievement tests after the…

Provides an overview of the recent changes in the theoretical conception of memory and language comprehension and how these are influencing reading research, assessment, and teaching. (FL)

Children's metacognitive awareness of variables (such as person, task, goals, and strategy) that influence reading was assessed with an interview. Second graders were aware of some reading dimensions but were less sensitive to semantic structure than sixth graders. Relations among instruction, metacognitive development, and reading proficiency are…

Examines the strategies readers engage in by analyzing their self reporting responses during and after reading a passage. Argues that teachers should instruct children to be aware of the nature and effectiveness of their own reading strategies. (RAE)

Noting that although some children read aloud with apparent fluency, they fail to understand fully or remember connected discourse, this book brings together research on children who have a specific comprehension deficit. The book first provides an introduction and overview of adult and child text comprehension, and then describes the research.…

Focusing on better assessing the thinking, or meaning-making, aspects of reading that are emphasized in current views of the reading process, this book presents the Informal Reading-Thinking Inventory (IR-TI) which offers options to enhance assessment beyond assessing students' listening level, oral reading of words, and basic comprehension. The…