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Gordon, Donald A. – Journal of Personality Assessment, 1977
An internal locus of control (LOC) orientation was significantly related to academic achievement and high self-esteem. For males, LOC was related to grade point averages and not achievement test scores, while the reverse held for females. Differential socialization of females from males might account for the lack of relationship between grades and…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Tests, Elementary Education, Grades (Scholastic)

Chartier, George M.; And Others – Journal of Personality Assessment, 1976
The Stanford Preschool Internal-External Scale (SPIES) was administered to middle class kindergarten children to investigate whether the characteristics of the test would remain stable as it did for the normative sample. (Author/DEP)
Descriptors: Elementary Education, Kindergarten Children, Locus of Control, Middle Class

Turner, Ralph R. – Contemporary Educational Psychology, 1978
The development of locus of control was compared in rural Appalachian Follow Through participants and in lower and middle-class comparison groups. Participation in Follow Through did not enhance internality. A social class by sex interaction was found, and correlations between locus of control and achievement differed for social classes.…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Compensatory Education, Elementary Education, Locus of Control