This systematic analysis examines effectiveness research on online and blended learning from schools, particularly relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic, and also educational games, computer-supported cooperative learning (CSCL) and computer-assisted instruction (CAI), largely used in schools but with potential for outside school. Eight research…

Writing and literacy development are crucial for the academic and social success of new language learners in the primary grades. Over the last 25 years, several terms have been used to describe the talents and needs of children learning new languages in early childhood settings. The term that the author prefers, and which he uses in this article,…

In this article, the author describes her experience of teaching Mandarin Chinese at Stopher Elementary School in Louisville, Kentucky. Through growing and learning with her students, the author has become a firm believer in the importance of early childhood language acquisition and a passionate advocate for world language education.

Presents a new approach to examining second language writing among young learners, which the author defines as "Language mosaic." Offers a new perspective on the process of writing development and examines how and what children do in the writing process while developing an additional language. Suggests that educators should view the…

Discusses current widely accepted principles of second-language writing for children and adolescents. These principles focus on the following: early writing, taking risks, the craft of writing, variety of purposes, reading to write, choice, native-language writing ability. (Author/VWL)

Examines why the whole-language approach to literacy development has failed, presenting several definitions of whole language, discussing some of the research on whole language and whether it works, and providing information about the impact of whole language in California (which suggests that California's reading-performance problems are not…

Examines the similarity between first and second language writing development and the nature of the developmental path. Analyzes the frequency of two types of causality markers in 5th-8th grade essays written by 189 students in English-as-a-Second-language and 546 students in regular language arts classes. (Author/VWL)

Reports an exploratory study on the acquisition of one type of nonnarrative writing by 10 fifth grade beginning English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) students, including a description of 6 lessons leading up to the writing. The findings support the position that young children learning ESL can cope with linguistic and cognitive demands of…

Presents four learning activities: reading strategies for non-English-speaking students; reading and writing limericks; "word splash"; and shadow puppets. (MG)

Reports a case study which reveals that children use the knowledge they hold about what writing is for, how writing is created, and the conventions of writing in their first language to help them write successfully in the second language. (MM)

This paper provides a summary of well established, conventional thinking on the importance of writing to the language learning process. Writing is a central element of language. Any reading and language arts program must consider the multidimensional nature of writing in instructional practices, assessment procedures, and language development. The…

A six-month observational study of Southeast Asian children (N=4) as they wrote and revised various pieces in English (their second language) revealed that the subjects developed three areas of writing skill: a sense of audience, a sense of voice, and a sense of power in language. (Author/CB)

Research on the effectiveness of literacy instruction of bilingual children is reviewed. Most research on reading in a bilingual setting involves college students in the United States or younger students in other countries, while research on writing in a bilingual setting is only beginning to emerge. The review focuses on the nature of literacy,…

Describes a genre-based approach to content writing instruction used in a fifth-grade social studies class in which the majority of the students came from English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) backgrounds. A unit on explorers and exploration used narrative, descriptive, persuasive, and expository writing assignments to improve the students'…

Discusses the development and implementation of an instructional unit that applies selected whole language strategies to teach reading and writing in the beginning stages of literacy in French. The unit shows how an authentic folktale can be used for integrating topics from the elementary curriculum to form a second-language curriculum for an…