This publication is part of a series of guides written by Pennsylvania's Department of Public Instruction and is designed to present some of the unifying concepts in mathematics to elementary teachers. This pamphlet discusses the commutative, associative, and closure properties for addition and multiplication of whole numbers, and the distributive…

A list of materials needed and step-by-step directions for constructing an abacus are given. Instructions are provided which tell how to use the abacus in teaching number combinations and in working addition, multiplication, subtraction, and division problems. (Related documents are SE 015 950 and SE 015 952.) (DT)

The Minnesota School Mathematics and Science Teaching (MINNEMAST) Project is characterized by its emphasis on the coordination of mathematics and science in the elementary school curriculum. Units are planned to provide children with activities in which they learn various concepts from both subject areas. Each subject is used to support and…

A proposal is made that teachers integrate the various forms of the four operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division in a concrete way, rather than teaching the topics sequentially. (DT)

Procedures for using a calculator to check addition and subtraction problems in bases less than 10 are described. (SD)

Number bases other than ten can be introduced effectively by presenting fictional civilizations which use them. (SD)

The representation of equivalent fractions is traditionally illustrated by diagrams showing division of units into parts. A second approach using linear graphs is suggested. (SD)

This is part one of a two-part SMSG elementary school text for fifth-grade students. The content is aimed at the development of some of the fundamental concepts of mathematics such as number, numeration, the operations of arithmetic, and intuitive geometry. Chapter topics include extending systems of numeration, factors and primes, extending…

The Minnesota School Mathematics and Science Teaching (MINNEMAST) Project is characterized by its emphasis on the coordination of mathematics and science in the elementary school curriculum. Units are planned to provide children with activities in which they learn various concepts from both subject areas. Each subject is used to support and…

Instruction on properties of whole numbers, the meanings of operations on whole numbers, symbolic representation and algorithms for completing these operations is discussed. Many activities appropriate to each of these topics, and suitable for primary school children, are presented. (SD)

A series of activities designed to help primary school children understand the meaning of the term "fraction," the symbolization, and equivalence of fractions are presented. Identification of units and pictorial representation are stressed, as is the uses of concrete materials. (SD)

Algorithms for the four basic operations on whole numbers are described; these algorithms provide for sequential recording of all steps in the operations. (SD)

A model for multiplication is described and used to discuss the properties of division. (SD)

The development of number concepts from conservation through order and place value notation is discussed in the context of applications to classroom instruction. Activities designed to motivate, build, and reinforce these concepts are described, and a list of objectives is presented in the form of a suggested progress record. (SD)

This monograph attempts to provide the teacher with examples, techniques, and tips for developing order in number. Topics covered include pre-number order and classification; beginning number activities; number lines; the 100-square counting chart; ordering the integers; fractional numbers; and games, counting rhymes, and other activities. A…