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Cumming, J. Joy; And Others – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1994
Tests of (n=107) third through sixth graders' basic addition facts found that 34% of errors involved the addition of zero and 83% of the remaining errors involved at least one of the digits 7, 8, or 9 when the other addend was 4 or more. (20 references) (MKR)
Descriptors: Addition, Arithmetic, Computation, Elementary Education
Belcastro, Frank P. – Focus on Learning Problems in Mathematics, 1993
This experimental study compared the use of Belcastro rods with the use of traditional methods in teaching addition and subtraction of whole numbers to five blind students. Results showed a significant difference favoring the use of Belcastro rods. (Contains 30 references.) (MKR)
Descriptors: Addition, Blindness, Elementary School Students, Grade 1
