Decades of federal economic policies that have concentrated poverty into isolated communities have devastated urban education, and expose youth and families to high stress and trauma. Disproportionately negative outcomes for students of color and those who are economically disadvantaged can be understood as manifestations of negative racial school…

The Prescriptive Counselor Model, as proposed for the elementary school, focuses on changing specific student behaviors through a particular prescription of materials, activities, and suggestions for teachers, parents, and the child himself. The theoretical emphasis is on dealing with behaviors by observing, conferring, setting goals, developing…

A four-phase positive discipline plan, based on William Glasser's "Reality Therapy" concepts and designed for grades K-5, is described. The goal of the plan is to teach the students to assume responsibility for their own actions; discipline is instructional, as opposed to punitive. A record is kept for each child upon which all serious behavior…