Research on three classroom environment instruments is discussed, including predictive validity studies and criterion validity studies. A heuristic model involving curriculum, aptitude, environment, and learning is used to conceptualize the variables' roles in curriculum evaluation research. Evidence suggests that curriculum influences classroom…

The study investigates the relationship of theoretically relevant variables to student attitudes toward mathematics. Data on student, teacher, and learning environment variables hypothesized to be related to attitude toward mathematics were collected from 2,000 students and their math teachers at grades four, seven and nine. Over 130 variables…

This paper discusses cognitive and noncognitive variables, and their relationship with each other, in learning and in educational evaluation. The nature of noncognitive learning environment variables is examined. The following instruments that have been widely used in assessing classroom environment are described: (1) the Learning Environment…