Locally or individually, STEM programs provide additional opportunities to engage K-12 students, including those from marginalized groups, with the support of STEM outreach organizations through the co-construction and implementation of STEM activities during school, out of school, at home, and in the community. Research suggests that…

Examines members' identification with their subunit using a sample of 185 elementary school principals' perceptions of (1) the availability of resources, (1) the existence of organization-level planning, and (3) the frequency of controversy about resource allocations. Appended are 34 references. (MLF)

The paper examines the relationship between the educational environment and the gifted student's motivation. It argues for less use of competition as a motivator, and suggests future research directions. The argument against employing competition as a motivator is based upon the premise that development, cognitive, social-emotional, and moral,…

Analyzes six myths about education and explores their justifications. The underlying assumptions are unsupported by educational research. A bibliography containing 71 citations is appended. (MD)

Discussed is the background, performance, and future plans of the four medalists from the United States in the 1990 International Chemistry Olympiad. (CW)

Reports on a study of competition, motivation, and performance among 60 adolescents in India. Finds that direct competition with another person led to higher levels of immediate performance. Also finds that indirect competition against a pre-set standard resulted in greater intrinsic motivation. (CFR)

Science fairs are held in many elementary, junior high, and high schools. Typically they are thought of as a competitive event where students display science projects. Publications occasionally print accounts of successful science fairs, but these articles are usually based on opinions rather than on research. The purpose of this study is to…

This exploratory study provides a foundation for research on socialization in Japanese schools, identifying types of cooperative and competitive student behavior as seen by teachers. The first of two surveys (each using two questionnaires) asked teachers to list examples of cooperative or competitive behavior. The second, designed from the…

Examines the enormous pressure Chinese students face at home and in school to obtain high academic achievement. Analyzes the cultural, economic, and political factors contributing to the situation. Concludes with an argument for balancing educational goals with other aspects of the students' lives. (MJP)

This document comprises reviews of recent studies on the influence of classroom environment; curriculum tracking; child, parent and teacher beliefs; and middle school environment on the achievement of high risk students. Chapter 1, "Competitive, Cooperative, and Individualistic Structures of Classroom Learning," reports on the negative effect of…

In the fall of 1986, a joint study was undertaken to solicit views of the nation's Governors, senior officers of U.S. companies, and presidents and deans of U.S. colleges and universities on the relationship of U.S. competitiveness to the human resource base and research and development capacity. Researches polled 2,300 senior research and…