Despite a growing body of evidence demonstrating the value of Tier 1 and Tier 3 interventions, significantly less is known about Tier 2 level treatments when they are added within the context of a tiered continuum of support. The purpose of this article is to systematically review the existing research base for Tier 2 small group intervention…

The paper describes a model for understanding system level responses to the cognitive dissonance produced by working with emotionally disturbed/behavior disordered students. Responses to mild, moderate, and severe levels of dissonance are cited, and the dibilitating effects of increasing threats to a system's order are portrayed. (CL)

The history of the educateur in France, Canada, and the United States is discussed along with the role of the educateur of behaviorally disordered youth. Three unique features of the educateur model are outlined: (1) time spent with clients, (2) quality of interactions, and (3) function as a team member within the child service agency. (Author/CL)

A dynamic, interactive model of stress and burnout among teachers of behaviorally disordered students is proposed. The model postulates that burnout may result from a discrepancy between teachers' expectations and the school experience. Stress and burnout are portrayed along a continuum of interactions between the teachers and job-related factors.…

This article reviews the psychoeducational, behavioral, and ecological models underlying educational services to students with behavior disorders. Models are compared for their explanatory nature, implications for intervention, and how they address the scientific approach to behavior disorders. (DB)

In response to Forness and Kavale (2001), this article suggests that the new medical model they propose for intervention with children who have emotional or behavioral disorders does not go far enough and that a comprehensive treatment model should incorporate other evidence-based approaches to intervention. (Contains 7 references.) (DB)

In response to Forness and Kavale's (2001) argument that the field of emotional and behavioral disorders (E/BD) should adopt a "new" medical model, this commentary argues that the benefit of psychiatric diagnoses and pharmacologic treatments have not been established. It advocates a resistance-to-intervention approach to E/BD eligibility…

A conceptual scheme developed by the National Needs Analysis Project in Behavior Disorders is presented for guiding program description and evaluation in the behavioral disorders field. The scheme identifies essential program components such as philosophy, community involvement, and exit procedures. Underlying assumptions, the development process,…

This discussion addresses changing problems and populations in the emotional/behavioral disorders field, the ever-shifting scientific models used in the field, and the concerted proactive response of the Council for Children with Behavioral Disorders to the needs of children and youth with emotional/behavioral disorders. (JDD)

The paper presents a rationale for the use of an educational model for meeting the mental health needs of children and youth. Implications of the current federal definition are examined relative to programing needs in academic, social, emotional, psychotic behavior, and career education areas. (Author/CL)

This paper postulates that cultural and societal factors have exerted a powerful force on the conceptualization and treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. A functional assessment approach is presented, along with a model for classifying performance deficits and methods for selecting intervention strategies based on the model.…

This article reviews evidence on the treatment and comorbidity of psychiatric disorders with the purpose of suggesting odds that a child with behavioral disorder may indeed have a disorder that is responsive to psychopharmacologic treatment. Merging the medical and behavioral models is suggested as critical to special education decisions.…

The original authors of an article proposing a new medical model of special education for children with emotional or behavioral disorders respond to comments by considering: (1) the role of psychiatric diagnosis in special education, (2) the relative efficacy of behavioral versus psychopharmacologic treatment, and (3) the nature of…

Existing policies of local education agencies in Virginia concerning suspension and expulsion of handicapped students were evaluated in light of 6 recommended components. Responses of 78 special education directors to a questionnaire were synthesized with the policy information to develop a model procedure reflecting current trends in disciplining…

This article focuses on children with emotional or behavior disorders in England and programs that have evolved in the 19th and 20th centuries to address their needs. Theoretical battles between supporters of a medical approach and those of the now-dominant educational model are discussed, as well as the inclusion movement. (CR)