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Palardy, J. Michael – NASSP Bulletin, 1996
Behavior modification and assertive discipline approaches use rewards and negative consequences (extinction procedures) to deal with students' maladaptive behavior. Behavior modification has significant limitations, as it treats symptoms, not causes; yields only short-term benefits; has limited transfer value for other environments; and values…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Behavior Problems, Discipline, Elementary Secondary Education

McKernan, Jim – Journal of Curriculum and Supervision, 1993
Criticizes outcome-based education for reducing education, teaching, and learning to forms of human engineering and quasi-scientific planning procedures geared toward instrumental means and specified ends. Stating outcomes as a comprehensive form of intellectual scaffolding limits inquiry and speculation and gives schools and curriculum framers…
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Curriculum Development, Educational Objectives, Elementary Secondary Education