Parts 1 and 2 in this four-part series of articles (Crossland, 2016, 2017) discussed the recent research from neuroscience linked to concepts from cognitive development that brought Piaget's theories into the 21st century and showed the most effective provision towards more optimal learning strategies. Then the discussion moved onto Demetriou's…

There are many effective styles of instruction; and every teacher should be skilled in at least one, and preferably in several. (Author/MLF)

If educators are to successfully address the needs of the individual learner, they must understand what the word individual means. They must relate teaching style to individual learning preference. (Author)

The Interactive Learning Model illustrates how we process information (cognition), perform learning tasks (conation), and develop a self when performing difficult learning tasks (affectation). Individuals approach learning tasks with varying degrees of sequence, precision, technical reasoning, and confluence. These ingredients are embedded in the…

Asserts that because student learning and development are complex and dynamic, educators must learn to differentiate between functional and optimal skill levels and then to target their teaching and curriculum materials accordingly. (PKP)

Educational researchers and policymakers need to understand the ecological correlation fallacy, since so much bad research (and policy) has been based on it. Aggregate data may or may not yield results that are true for individuals. Only individual-level data can correctly answer questions about the relationship between variables for individuals.…

The basic assumption underlying the open classroom approach is the view that, among children of the same age and sex, significant differences (in temperament, rate of growth, background, experience, and personality dispositions) exist, and, therefore, educational methods must take these differences into account. (Author/MC)

This reader brings together work by Howard Gardner and his colleagues at Project Zero (Harvard Graduate School of Education) to provide a coherent picture of what has been learned about the educational applications of multiple intelligences theory from school projects and formal research over the past decade. The chapters are: (1) "In a Nutshell";…

Recounts one teacher's experience at unsuccessfully solving spatial problems in a workshop experimenting with individualistic and cooperative learning approaches to problem solving. This humbling experience reminded the author that failure is humiliating and can arise from simply not knowing how to think about a task. All humans are "at-risk"…

Discusses applications of the theory of multiple intelligences in the field of education. Distinguishes between "surface" and "deep" applications of the theory. Responds to earlier articles in this journal about the theory of multiple intelligences. (RS)

This study sought to determine if 17 affective variables on the Canfield Learning Styles Inventory Form S-A would discriminate among teaching areas of Mississippi public school teachers. The learning style inventory was administered to 86 teachers grouped into four teaching areas: elementary, secondary, special education, and others (library…

Cultures have distinctive learning style patterns, but the great variation among individuals within groups requires educators to use diverse teaching strategies. Researchers identify three kinds of information about culture and learning styles: observation-based descriptions of cultural groups of learners, data-based descriptions of specific…

School districts should let parents, students, and teachers establish alternative schools to accommodate differences in learning styles. (Author)

Discusses misconceptions that half-informed educators might have about the author's theory of multiple intelligences. The seven intelligences are based on explicit criteria and respond to specific real-world content. Educators can assess proficiency, but not intelligence at different tasks. Theories can have infinite numbers of possible…

Schools should probably spend more time developing student awareness of learning styles than pushing teachers into more inservice workshops on adapting curriculum. The Learning Channel Preference Checklist included in this article allows students to assess their own preferred learning style(s) by choosing statements stressing visual, auditory, or…