The paper reviews research which presents evidence that learning disabled (LD) children, like other groups that show performance deficiencies, do not spontaneously employ appropriate goal directed task strategies in many situations. (Author/PHR)

Many high school and college students seem to dislike mathematics, do poorly in the subject (as evidenced by declining test scores), and avoid scheduling courses in mathematics. Answers to why test scores are declining and why mathematics achievement is low among adults are speculative and as varied as the educators who offer them. However, one…

The study involving 70 deaf, 70 partially hearing, and 70 hearing children (10-16 years old) investigated the effect of lack of verbal language on development of deaf children's cognitive abilities. (SBH)

Three experiments explored the development of formal logical reasoning between Grades 4 and 12 and the role of semantic content in the solution of Wason's (1966) selection task problems. Results suggest that formal logical reasoning is not generally present during the fourth or sixth grades and that formal logical competence becomes available in…

Discusses issues making developmental studies of forgetting difficult to interpret: (1) stages-of-learning confounds, (2) failure to separate forgetting from performance factors operating on retention tests, and (3) failure to disentangle contributions of storage-based and retrieval-based forgetting to retention test performance. A paradigm and…

Conservation forms were presented to 24 day- and 16 residential-school deaf students (ages 7 to 19) and 36 normally hearing control Ss (4 to 16), using conventional Piagetian instructions and attribute specific instructions. It was found that deafness does not apparently account for conservation differences found between deaf and normally hearing…

Reanalysis of the data from a 1984 study on making and breaking problem-solving mental sets with 50 children found that gifted subjects who failed to initially form the set made the most errors of any group and were least likely to recognize their own errors. Results suggest that motivational reasons may underly this inferior performance by some…

The article examines the nature of performance deficits in exceptional learners as they relate to the ability to perform complex cognitive tasks. (PHR)

This article reviews some current principles of brain research, including the idea that intelligence and its nurture is no longer restricted to the linear, rational cognitive function, but includes the integration of the cognitive (linear and spatial), emotional-social, physical, and intuitive. The principles of teaching and learning supported by…

Children with mental retardation are particularly prone to failure on relational tasks such as oddity and match-to-sample, suggesting a differential sensitivity to relational information. This paper reports on several studies in which characteristics of stimulus arrays were enhanced. Results demonstrated the theoretical and practical significance…

This paper describes a community-based substance abuse prevention program utilizing a cognitive-behavioral curriculum to children and adolescents affected by a substance use disorder in a parent or caretaker.

Confrontation with a mathematical task causes a student to focus initial attention upon particular content and context cues based upon that student's belief system; the student assigns subsequent meaning to that task based upon previous mathematical experience and knowledge. In order to make effective use of students' belief systems, educators…

The Conceptual Learning and Development (CLD) Model specifies four levels of concept attainment (concrete, identity, classificatory, and formal) and three uses of concepts (problem solving, subordinate-supraordinate, and principles). Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies of concept attainment may be conducted. The results of this study of 300…