This technical supplement provides details on the survey methodology and results presented in the report "Developing Effective Principals: What Kind of Learning Matters?" The full report shows that principals' access to high-quality learning opportunities varies across states and by school poverty level. To draw these conclusions, the…

Developing excellent principals who can set direction, develop people, redesign organizations, and lead instruction requires a system of high-quality preparation and professional development. This paper summarizes the elements of high-quality principal preparation and professional development programs that have been associated with positive school…

Ensuring equity in education and academic success for all students requires a highly skilled principal engages others in continually improving the instructional program in order to meet the needs of students. Over the past few years, a number of reports have indicated that the role of principal is becoming more challenging. School districts are…

Alternative and parallel schooling contexts such as the Children's Defense Fund Freedom Schools[R] provide educational experiences for U.S. K-12 students grounded in notions of social justice and culturally responsive teaching. College-aged young adults known as "servant-leader interns" are the teachers in this context. In this article, the author…

Clinical supervision represents a drastically different form of professional development for both teacher and supervisor. A Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) study of 332 educators reveals the need for prolonged training and a supervised internship for those who intend to practice clinical supervision. (MLF)

Advises school business managers to employ administrative interns as extra hands to research potential programs and policies, develop fundraising activities, write newsletters, coordinate volunteer and community relations activities, and many other functions. Rationale and procedures for creating cost-effective mentoring or professional…

The new teacher education programs envision professional teachers as continuous learners rather than "finished" products. Teachers must understand subject matter deeply and flexibly so they can help students create useful cognitive maps, relate ideas, and address misconceptions. Teachers need opportunities for year-long apprenticeships,…

A Connecticut business association helps place teachers in job-related summer work and promotes their image as professionals. Because teachers apply course teachings to first-hand experiences, the internship helps ensure that skilled teachers will instruct future workers. Describes ways to set up a summer job placement program. (CJH)

Several studies indicate that often principal selection operates on the buddy system. New ways to select the most competent person for the principalship include identifying employees with leadership potential, internships, structured interviews, and assessment centers. (MLF)

Describes an administrator training program in the Jefferson School District in Daly City, California, which selects interns from in-district staff, pairing them with an administrator-mentor for individualized, practical training, thus providing the district with a pool of trained administrators from which it can draw. (SR)

Of 260,000 California public-school teachers, 38,000 (12 percent) have emergency credentials or subject-area waivers. The Lancaster School District has acted upon research indicators and teachers' needs by developing a multi-level teacher training support system. Pre-intern, intern, and beginning-teacher program facets are discussed. (MLH)

A report is given of findings from a study of beginning teachers' development of "knowledge-in-action," Schon's (1983) term for knowledge that is apparent in a professional's day-to-day actions. Participants were observed and interviewed frequently during their practice teaching placements. Transcripts of lessons and interviews were prepared for…

Explains how an understanding of the developmental stages of teachers can help in designing collaborative induction-year internship programs for orienting beginning teachers to classroom realities, and describes developmental sequences (microphases) that occurred while observing beginning teachers in a year-long collaborative university-school…

In 1989 the Texas Alliance for Science, Technology and Mathematics Education began placing teachers of all levels at industry sites as part of its Texas Teacher Internship Program. In 1995, 15 teachers interned at 11 sites. Each teacher was required to develop a curriculum implementation plan which was to illustrate how they would translate the…

Since new role changes resulting from school reform agendas can place a school administrator at any career stage in uncharted territory, a career-long mentoring approach is recommended. The first chapters of this book introduce the concept of mentoring and the socialization framework consisting of characteristics, stages, methods, and goals.…