K-12 education resources are often allocated non-strategically, with schools spending time and money on activities that have little relationship to student outcomes. Most of these decisions take place within districts, rooted in the processes of setting schedules, staffing levels, and assignments, and creating final budgets. Local Education…

In the 2006-2007 school year, the State of Wyoming adopted an evidenced-based school funding model. The Wyoming funding model reviewed in this study is considered an evidence-based approach, utilizing expert judgment to determine educational funding. In an evidence-based approach, educational strategies are identified and a dollar figure is…

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of principals whose schools were granted innovation status in accordance with the "Colorado Innovation Schools Act of 2008" (CISA). The CISA created a statewide system that allowed individual schools and entire districts to increase autonomy and…

Longitudinal study of how school districts allocated resources, focusing on expenditures and staffing, during a 6-year period in the 1990s, a period that saw the implementation of state standards and accountability initiatives. Finds, for example, that school districts did not appear to spend more on instruction, but did hire more instructional…

Elements of effective planning in special education are considered, and a Hawaii project, Model T, is described. The project focuses on the process of making and evaluating resource decisions, such as decisions about the kind and frequency of related services staff time versus instructors' time. Microeconomic concepts such as diminishing returns…

This paper presents the revised 1975-76 allocation of funds for instructional services and capital note items. The revisions were necessary because of the impact of the 1975-77 agreement between the city board of education and the American Federation of Teachers local on obligatory teacher staffing patterns (such as minimum pupil-teacher ratios…

Chapter 1, "Step 1: The Change Process," focuses on the change process and describes why and how schools engage in program restructuring and resource allocation. Chapter 2, "Step 2: Defining a New Educational Strategy," discusses decisions that must be made about the regular education program and how the various schools adopted, adapted or created…

This is a report by the Educational Priorities Panel (EPP), an independent watchdog group that monitors New York City's education budget, on the various budget cuts that the Board of Education has enacted during 1976-1980. Since 1976, the Board has executed a policy of supporting instructional rather than administrative services. When cuts were…

This document summarizes the State Performance Reports for programs funded under Chapter 1 of the Education Consolidation and Improvement Act for 1986-87. Reports are submitted annually by State Education Agencies (SEAs) to provide information on Local Education Agency (LEA) and State Agency Neglected or Delinquent (SAND) compensatory education…

Compiled as a workshop handbook, this guide presents information to help food service program administrators comply with federal regulations and evaluate and upgrade their operations. Part I discusses requirements of the National School Lunch Program, focusing on the "offer versus serve" method of service enacted in 1976 to reduce waste.…

As student enrollments drop, effective principals should develop equitable staff reduction plans. The present plan calls for principals to determine staff support levels as well as staff ratios in three categories: classroom teachers, support teachers, and clerical/custodial services. Knowing past enrollments is essential for projecting the number…

This study explored resource allocation issues in schools that had moved toward inclusive education. Rather than document or analyze actual costs, the study sought general information related to resource allocation through interviews with local special education administrators in 12 school districts across the United States. Specifically, the…

Questionnaire data underlie this analysis of the patterns of personnel availability and utilization in a sample of government schools in Australia and New Zealand. An introduction reviews research and outlines some theoretical issues relevant to school organization and resource allocation. The design and administration of the survey are reported…

This paper reviews trends in resource allocations in the public schools over the last 25 years. It focuses specifically on changes in expenditures and school staff for the nation as a whole and for each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia, using data from the National Center for Education Statistics and the National Education Association…

The organization of English as a second language (ESL) programs varies greatly, according to the student population, individual student characteristics, and district resources. They can be broadly categorized as either stand-alone ESL or ESL-plus. In general, stand-alone programs group limited-English-proficient (LEP) students together and…