This study explores the transformative role of AI-enhanced social-emotional learning (SEL) frameworks in improving the engagement and emotional well-being of English as a foreign language (EFL) students in China. A survey was conducted among 816 undergraduate and postgraduate students from universities across five provinces, utilising convenience sampling. The research focused on how AI tools integrated into English learning contribute to student engagement and emotional stability. Data were analysed using SPSS for descriptive and regression analyses and AMOS for structural equation modelling. The findings highlight that AI-enhanced SEL significantly boosts student engagement and emotional well-being. By providing tailored learning experiences based on students' emotional and cognitive needs, AI systems facilitate better emotional regulation, increased focus and improved academic performance. The results suggest that AI-enhanced SEL frameworks offer personalised support that not only enhances learning outcomes but also creates a more emotionally supportive environment, contributing to students' overall academic success and well-being.