This booklet contains two papers on Western European countries' attempt to deal with illegal immigration through employer sanctions. In "Deterrence without Discrimination," Mark J. Miller discusses the sanctions employed by France and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG). Evidence from the early years of enforcement reveals that due to poor interagency cooperation, insufficient enforcement personnel, and mild penalties, the sanctions appeared to have failed. However, in the early 1980s, when France and the FRG toughened their enforcement, the evidence indicates that job discrimination against North African Arabs did not increase, and Europeans now regard the sanctions as necessary to combat the exploitation of illegal immigrants. Malcolm R. Lovell, Jr. draws on Miller's analysis in "Europe's Lessons for America" and perceives the European experience as an important lesson for the United States. In the United States, the Department of Labor, the Social Security Administration, and the Internal Revenue Service need to play major roles in the enforcement of sanctions, while employer cooperation with these agencies is vital. The U.S. Immigration and Nationalization Service must be fully supported by Congress, and the re-evaluation of fines and penalties must occur on a regular basis. A conclusion of both papers is that employer sanctions are not a cure-all for the complex problem of illegal immigration in Europe or the United States. (DJC)