Rural America has long been perceived as "left behind" by policies that leave it struggling while benefiting bustling urban cities and suburbs. That narrative holds some truth: rural America has a declining population, along with lower educational attainment and lower workforce participation than urban America. But while rural America…

A growing segment of the U.S. workforce--older workers--face challenges such as a greater chance of being unemployed for a longer period of time than younger workers and skill obsolescence in contemporary societies. In an age of fast-paced economic and technological change, ongoing investment in human capital in the form of skill training…

The January employment numbers, released today by the U.S. Department of Labor, present mixed evidence about the state of the labor market. While the unemployment rate dropped to 9 percent, payrolls were just better than flat, increasing by only 36,000 jobs last month. Much attention is given to the official unemployment rate, which is certainly…

This article analyzes employment data from the U.S. census (1960 to 1990) using the Holland classification. The census data are organized according to category of occupation, occupational level, gender, and income. The results indicate that the distributions of employment are similar from 1960 to 1990 despite some major shifts within several…

During the first half of 1978, data on labor force, total employment, and unemployment show the lowest unemployment rate in almost four years, and employment as a proportion of the working-age population at a record high. Other civilian labor force developments are noted. (MF)

Findings from previous studies examining the relation between women's employment and the risk of intimate partner violence have been mixed. Some studies find greater violence toward women who are employed, whereas others find the opposite relation or no relation at all. I propose a new framework in which a woman's employment status and her risk of…

Concludes that there has been an upward trend in the full employment-unemployment rate, due to increases in the supply of marginal labor force groups. (BH)

Black occupational status improved somewhat in the 1970s as proportionately more Blacks moved into white-collar jobs, although few penetrated the higher salaried professional and managerial positions. Black workers need to gain more access to the higher skilled, better paying jobs in the white-collar fields if their earnings are to increase. (JOW)

The Latino workforce is increasingly critical to the vitality of the U.S. economy. Despite the importance of Latinos in the labor market, their economic contributions are limited by significant disadvantages. This research report provides an overview of Latino workers in the United States at mid-decade. We provide background information on labor…

Presents information on the labor force status, occupations of employed graduates, and graduate school status of graduates who received bachelor's degrees between July 1976 and June 1977. Data is analyzed for all graduates and for each of 19 major fields of study. (CT)

Research on women's employment and parenthood frequently focuses on the correlates and consequences of decisions at a particular time, such as a birth. This article applies a group-based trajectory method to examine women's employment trajectories across the period of early parenthood using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (N=…

In this paper, I use a nationally representative sample of American high school seniors in 1992 to examine change and stability in the employment patterns of youth as they make the transition from high school to college. Students with weak attachments to the labor force in high school tend to remain unemployed during the first year of college.…

Purpose: This article investigates how older Americans leave their career jobs and estimates the extent of intermediate labor force activity (bridge jobs) between full-time work on a career job and complete labor-force withdrawal. Design and Methods: Using data from the Health and Retirement Study, we explored the work histories and retirement…

Household data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey for five occupational groups were studied. Multivariate analysis revealed that income is the most significant factor in determining levels of various expenditures; occupation and education also play a role. (JOW)