Michael E. Raynor limits his commentary to Flavin's discussion of Wikipedia. Flavin argues that Wikipedia is a disruptive innovation, and has disrupted the hard-copy encyclopedia. Flavin sees Wikipedia in optimistic terms, as democratising education and 'reframing the means by which knowledge is produced, distributed and consumed.' He implies that…

This article responds to commentaries on the author's opening article in this issue, "Disruptive Innovation and Technology Enhanced Learning" (EJ1288163). Herein, Michael Flavin begins by discussing arguments for and against Uber and Wikipedia as disruptive innovations. He addresses commentaries in this issue by Michael Raynor, Terry…

Besides a lack of focus on the context in which the innovation thrives or dies, the author takes issue with some of Dr. Flavin's choice of examples. Flavin argues that Wikipedia has disrupted higher education. The author is a supporter of Wikipedia (both through donation and article edits) and uses it regularly, but does not believe it has had…

This paper uses disruptive innovation theory as a lens through which to analyse technology enhanced learning in higher education. The paper also explores how higher education might be disrupted. Specific technologies are examined, including the Virtual Learning Environment and Wikipedia. Specific practices are analysed, including Bring Your Own…