In this article, we examine the relationship between classroom talk, teacher-student roles and paradigms for literacy and learning in two ninth-grade English Language Arts classes. Our goal was to understand how these roles and practices socialized students into norms for academic language and literacy as they read and wrote poetry in preparation…

VARIOUS FORMS OF PHRASE STRUCTURE RULES AND EXPANSION, AND THE SINGLE-BASE AND DOUBLE-BASE TRANSFORMATIONS WERE INCLUDED AS AN INTRODUCTION TO THIS GRAMMAR REVIEW GUIDE FOR NINTH-GRADERS. THE REVIEW COVERED INDIRECT OBJECT VERBS, TRANSITIVE VERBS, DETERMINERS, DEFINITE AND INDEFINITE ARTICLES, IMPERATIVES, NEGATIVES, AND CONTRACTIONS AND WAS BASED…

SUGGESTIONS WERE OFFERED IN THIS TEACHER'S GUIDE FOR VARIOUS APPROACHES IN REVIEWING GRAMMAR PREVIOUSLY PRESENTED TO NINTH-GRADE STUDENTS. THE GRAMMAR REVIEW COVERED PHRASE STRUCTURE RULES, TRANSITIVE VERBS, DETERMINERS, INTERROGATIVES, AND NEGATIVES. WHILE THE EXERCISES IN THE STUDENT VERSION WERE MEANT TO BE WRITTEN, THE TEACHER'S GUIDE…