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Download full textLouise Benson; Bethan Burge; Jose Liht; Kondwani Mughogho – National Foundation for Educational Research, 2022
Each year the National Reference Test (NRT) reports the proportions of students achieving at or above three key GCSE grades in English and mathematics. The NRT is therefore uniquely placed as a Key Stage 4 assessment which compares performance directly at ability level, to contribute to the evidence on the impact of disruption to education due to…
Descriptors: National Competency Tests, English, Language Tests, Mathematics Tests
Henning, Grant – 1991
Criticisms of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) have included speculation that the listening test places too much burden on short-term memory as compared with comprehension, that a knowledge of reading is required to respond successfully, and that many items appear to require mere recall and matching rather than higher-order…
Descriptors: Adults, Auditory Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Educational Assessment
