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Shneyderman, Aleksandr; Abella, Rodolfo – Bilingual Research Journal, 2009
This study was conducted to explore the effects of a two-way immersion bilingual program on maintenance/acquisition of Spanish-language proficiency and on reading and mathematics achievement in English over a period of 4 academic years. The researchers used Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) techniques to compare the effects of two different…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Second Language Programs, Models, Language Arts
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Brantmeier, Cindy A. – Bilingual Research Journal, 1997
Describes the implementation of an English Language Center in Esteli, Nicaragua in 1993 and identifies social, cultural, and political complexities involved. Qualified teachers were recruited during the planning phase, and after two months of operation, over 200 students were enrolled. Students paid for classes that were marketed only to those who…
Descriptors: Adult Education, English (Second Language), Foreign Countries, Politics of Education
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Torres-Guzman, Maria E.; Kleyn, Tatyana; Morales-Rodriguez, Stella; Han, Annie – Bilingual Research Journal, 2005
The United States has seen a tremendous growth in dual-language programs over the last decade. This rapid growth brings up questions about the congruency between labels and implementation. Our experiences observing some of the programs and listening to teachers talk about the programs in New York City led us to propose that many of the…
Descriptors: Program Implementation, Teacher Attitudes, Second Language Programs, Questionnaires