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Ryan, Jonathon – Language Learning, 2015
The tendency of intermediate and advanced second language speakers to underuse pronouns and zero anaphora has been characterized as a developmental stage of overexplicitness, yet little consideration has been given to whether learners create sufficient contexts for their use. This study analyzed references across eight degrees of accessibility,…
Descriptors: Second Language Learning, Language Usage, Communication Strategies, Asians
Saito, Kazuya – Language Learning, 2015
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of second language (L2) experience--operationalized as length of residence (LOR) in Canada--on late Japanese learners of English. Data collected from 65 participants consisted of three groups of learners (short-, mid-, and long-LOR groups) and two baseline groups of native Japanese and native…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, English (Second Language), Foreign Students, Japanese