Both for the first language (L1) and for all additional languages (L2 or L3), grammatical knowledge plays a vital role in understanding texts (e.g., Grabe, 2005). However, little is known about the development and interaction of grammar and reading comprehension in beginning foreign language learning, especially with respect to children with a…

How heritage learners successfully maintain their heritage language (HL) and literacy is a significant topic of discussion in the field of bilingual education. This study examines what factors are most closely associated with literacy competence by inspecting Korean heritage learners' language and literacy practice patterns and their literacy…

This paper examines methods that can help prevent a rise in the dropout rate of Hispanic students in the United States, focusing on five principles that form the basis for research by the Center for Research on Education, Diversity, and Excellence. The first principle states that learning should be facilitated through joint productive activity…