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Chanyuan Gu; Samuel A. Nastase; Zaid Zada; Ping Li – npj Science of Learning, 2025
While evidence has accumulated to support the argument of shared computational mechanisms underlying language comprehension between humans and large language models (LLMs), few studies have examined this argument beyond native-speaker populations. This study examines whether and how alignment between LLMs and human brains captures the homogeneity…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Native Language, Second Language Learning, Brain Hemisphere Functions
Mona Roxana Botezatu; Dalia L. Garcia – Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 2024
The study evaluated whether the direction (inhibitory or facilitative) of the phonological neighborhood density effect in English spoken word recognition was modulated by the relative strength of competitor activation (neighborhood type) in two groups of English-dominant learners of Spanish who differed in language experience. Classroom learners…
Descriptors: Speech Communication, Second Language Learning, English, Spanish
Xian Zhang – Language Teaching Research Quarterly, 2024
The Topic Hypothesis posits that Chinese language learners progress through a developmental sequence comprising five stages (Gao, 2009; Wang, 2011), which includes the Object-Subject-Verb (OSV) structure at stage 4 and the ba-construct at stage 5. According to this hypothesis, learners typically master the OSV structure before acquiring the…
Descriptors: Chinese, Heritage Education, Linguistic Theory, Learning Processes
Wendy Guo – ProQuest LLC, 2022
Collocations are words that have a tendency to co-occur within a few words' spans, e.g., "drink coffee" and "dark chocolate" in English. Growing empirical evidence suggests that both native (L1) speakers and advanced second language (L2) learners process two-word collocations faster than unconnected word pairs, and that…
Descriptors: Language Processing, English (Second Language), Native Language, Second Language Learning
Robinson Anthony, Jonathan J. D.; Blumenfeld, Henrike K.; Potapova, Irina; Pruitt-Lord, Sonja L. – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2022
The current work investigates whether language dominance predicts transfer of skills across cognitive-linguistic levels from the native language (Spanish) to the second language (English) in bilingual preschoolers. Sensitivity to cognates ("elephant/elefante" in English/Spanish) and metalinguistic awareness (MLA) have both been shown to…
Descriptors: Language Dominance, Transfer of Training, Spanish, English (Second Language)
Ciara O'Toole – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2024
Assessing vocabulary knowledge is an important part of establishing language proficiency in bilingual children. The crosslinguistic lexical tasks (CLTs) provide a framework for testing vocabulary development in three-to-six year-olds using a standard procedure and comparable items for multiple languages. This study describes the development of the…
Descriptors: Irish, English (Second Language), Second Language Learning, Task Analysis
Schleicher, Karly M.; Schwartz, Ana I. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2022
In the present study we examined whether overlap in language across texts influences the integration of information into a coherent discourse representation for bilingual readers. Across two experiments highly proficient Spanish--English bilinguals read pairs of expository passages describing two fictional science facts while their eye-movements…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Reading Processes, Spanish, English (Second Language)
Pawliszko, Judyta – Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 2023
The present study draws on the theoretical framework of translanguaging and seeks to shed light on the patterns of translanguaging and how translanguaging affects meaning-making processes among bilingual children in preschool. This case study focuses on 8 months of observation and recordings of pupils ranging in age from 3 to 6 years. The gathered…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Bilingualism, Speech Communication, Code Switching (Language)
Yifei Gong; Klavs Hansen; Jianlin Chen – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2024
Despite the worldwide prevalence of multilingualism, the knowledge of the relationship between domain-general cognitive control and multilingual language control remains scant. Here we provide new insights into this issue by examining systematically how different components of inhibitory control (i.e., response inhibition and interference…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Language Processing, Multilingualism, Psycholinguistics
Chrabaszcz, Anna; Onischik, Elena; Dragoy, Olga – Second Language Research, 2022
This study examines the role of cross-linguistic transfer versus general processing strategy in two groups of heritage speakers (n = 28 per group) with the same heritage language -- Russian -- and typologically different dominant languages: English and Estonian. A group of homeland Russian speakers (n = 36) is tested to provide baseline…
Descriptors: Sentences, Language Processing, Finno Ugric Languages, Transfer of Training
Priscila Lopez-Beltran Forcada – ProQuest LLC, 2021
Studies assessing the grammatical knowledge of speakers of Spanish as a heritage language have largely focused on the Spanish subjunctive mood and have concluded, almost unanimously, that heritage speakers' knowledge of the Spanish subjunctive is non-native-like and subject to incomplete acquisition. However, there is also evidence that while…
Descriptors: Computer Mediated Communication, Grammar, Native Language, Linguistic Theory
Resnik, Pia – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2021
Research on inner speech is still in a nascent stage. The present paper investigates consecutive multilinguals' self-reported language use for inner speech with a focus on the L1 (first language) and L2 (second language). Its aim is to identify influential variables in these processes and to investigate if findings from previous studies are…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Inner Speech (Subvocal), Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
Tytus, Agnieszka Ewa – International Journal of Multilingualism, 2019
Two experimental paradigms, a picture-naming task and a Stroop interference task, were employed to address the structure of the multilingual mental lexicon; more specifically, the process of multilingual non-selective lexical access. German-English-French speakers named objects in their native and most dominant language in a task that included a…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Psycholinguistics, Language Processing, German
Gollan, Tamar H.; Goldrick, Matthew – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The current study investigated the possibility that language switches could be relatively automatically triggered by context. "Single-word switches," in which bilinguals switched languages on a single word in midsentence and then immediately switched back, were contrasted with more complete "whole-language switches," in which…
Descriptors: Syntax, Bilingualism, Code Switching (Language), Speech Communication
Aparicio, Xavier; Lavaur, Jean-Marc – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2016
The present study aims to investigate how trilinguals process their two non-dominant languages and how those languages influence one another, as well as the relative importance of the dominant language on their processing. With this in mind, 24 French (L1)- English (L2)- and Spanish (L3)-unbalanced trilinguals, deemed equivalent in their L2 and L3…
Descriptors: Multilingualism, Translation, Second Languages, Native Language